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by , CNN
整理 | Penny
For , — , of — have held a place in the , at once a sense of , , war and . They are the for and ‘s books, and .
[ˈhʌlkɪŋ] adj. 庞大而笨重的
[ˈmeɪsənri] n. 砖石建筑
[pəˈreniəl] adj. 长期的，常年的；多年生的（植物）
But in his book, “Stone Age: of ,” and Frédéric set out to the , using prose and to link the with the .
[ˈsteriətaɪp] n. 刻板印象
” of just them as , I was much more in a link this and the and of , which were more or less set up at the of the 20th works by Adolf Loos or Le ,” he in a phone , to the and and clean .”(The ) that form is in this very, very .”
[ˈprɪmətɪv] adj. 原始的castles，简陋的
lobby [ˈlɒbi] v. 游说 n. 游说团体；大厅
[ˌɔːnəmenˈteɪʃn] n. 装饰物
[ˈvenəreɪt] v. 崇敬
When first in the 10th as an to , they were as for the class. : were built high to from , moats were than water and were to fit the rules of war or the needs of .
[ɪnˈvɪzɪdʒ] v. 设想，展望
[ˈfɔːtɪfaɪd] adj. 防御的，加强的
[ˈdwelɪŋ] n. 住宅，住所
moat [məʊt] n. 护城河，壕沟
“Stone Age” is ‘s book, 2011’s “CCCP: ,” a that seven years’ worth of and into the of the Union. For his new book, , he armed with a large- view and to the , , Spain, ,the and , more than 200 built the 10th and 15th .
tome [təʊm] n. 大部头巨著
the 波罗的海
When his final , the of a ‘s and its — in with his theme — than its . “It’s about the () much more than about the ,” he said. “The most ones are the ones that are ; you have the that you them.”
[ˌəʊvərˈɑːtʃɪŋ] adj. 首要的
An role
, shot the upon , their as they first into view — the in , for , as a frost- , while a lake the from ‘s . hoped to “the when you first see the .”
[ˌsɪluˈet] n. 暗色轮廓，剪影
[təˈreɪn] n. 地形，地势
[ˈplæsɪd] adj. 平静的，温和的
“I quite often the at a you at a ,” he . “I’m to with me.”
The was taken with the Château de Quéribus in the south of , or , in Avila, Spain, which was from local — that a to their and “seem to be out of the ,” as put it.
[ˈgrænɪt] n. 花岗岩
The book is into the and of , the of their and, later, their . While the share in terms of and basic forms, he found them a .
[ˌkrɒnəˈlɒdʒɪkli] adv. 按时间顺序地，按年代地
“It’s to them with a , with the I was , (the ) the 10th but then they went for and ,” he said.
The 13th- he in Wales, for , were over time in with the of and war ; on the were by the who later took them over. As the , and the near- of , and large were often to a ‘s to .
[ˈwepənri] n. 兵器，武器
[ˈfɔːtrəs] n. 堡垒，要塞
“From the 15th , they had no to be (a ), so the were into or , or left to decay,” .
[ˈmænʃn] n. 大厦，府邸
decay [dɪˈkeɪ] v. 破败，衰落
the by , given that ‘s were in flux the in the book. The of (which the trail of -era -day and the East) and also meant that were and to local .
[ˈfjuːtaɪl] adj. 徒劳的，无用的
[vəˈnækjələ(r)] n. （建筑的）民间风格；本地方言
But, , this lack of was a of than for .
“I was much more by the array of (than the ),” he said. “The very large of those made the more to deal with, but at the same time, more .”
背景知识：
城堡是欧洲历史的一个象征符号。最初，城堡的建筑目的并不是为了享受，而是为了抵御外来侵略。因此，欧洲的城堡作为一种重要的防御工事，大都建在山崖或河边。
在欧洲，密布着无数城堡。据说，仅德国境内就有两万多座古城堡，平均每16平方公里就有一座。德国东部的包参市、齐陶市和格尔利茨市等被誉为德国保护最完好的古老城市。齐陶市的城中耸立着十多座造型独特的古堡。最著名的是一座在13至14世纪建成，建筑在岩崖峭壁上的奥宾古堡。古堡的金色城墙见证了整个历史。
因为东西方的建筑模式不同，中国古代采用梁柱框架结构，建筑材料以木材为主，房屋的重量由柱子支撑，墙壁并不承重，所以有”墙倒屋不塌”之说。因此无论多么高大的中国宫殿建筑，其高度和式样必须受木材长度的限制。西方建筑则多为石砌，主要建筑材料为砖石，所以能够建成那种石头城堡。而正因为这个原因，留存下来的古堡很少，大多数已经残破不堪castles，或埋藏在了滚滚黄沙中。（来源：百度百科）
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